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Influence of electricity generation on the environment
Žák, Jiří ; Novotný, Jan (referee) ; Matoušek, Antonín (advisor)
The concern of this Bachelor Thesis is current structure of electric energy sources in Czech Republic and their influence on the environment. The theoretical part maps the current state of energetics, structure of sources, consumption and installable output in ES CR. In the thesis, there is shown evolution of balance of electricity since 1988 and netto production of electricity in CR. There is also decribed export and import of electricity in the year 2008 and determination of the influence of different energetic equipments on the environment. The practical part deals with the emission of individual types of power stations, their manufacturing, calculation and possibilities of decreasing amount of carbon dioxide emission from the electric energy manufactories. Next point considers predicted development of equipments in relation to the environment. In the end, there is the overall evaluation of achieved information and results with influence on the environment.
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Modern nuclear reactors
Šimík, Michal ; Suk, Ladislav (referee) ; Maar, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis creates an overview of particular types of nuclear reactors, their history, present and future. Large part focus on the objectives required by modern nuclear reactors provided an international forum GIF. Reactors of fourth generation are characterized also their advantages and disadvantages. In the last section is detail description of selected type of reactor.
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Nuclear energetics in CR and in the world
Peroutka, Tomáš ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Mastný, Petr (advisor)
This work is about a basic principles of nuclear reaction, creation of nuclear reaction and its development. Here is also described contemporary status and its level of progression. The first part is about a history of nuclear energy – its beginnings and further progress. Next the work deals with a nuclear power stations, nuclear reactors etc. The other part of this work is based on a nuclear waste. Then, I will write about a future of nuclear energy. The last point is creating the enegetic conception of our country.
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Treatment of nuclear waste in nuclear power plants and hospital facilities
Vitovská, Michaela ; Kermes, Vít (referee) ; Tabasová, Andrea (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis at hand is aimed at issues related to formation, storage and processing of radioactive waste – the issues that are widely discussed and dealt with in media. The thesis is concerned not only with formation of radioactive waste in the Dukovany Nuclear Power Station, but also with emerging radioactive institutional waste that originates in hospitals predominantly during treatment of cancer. The thesis provides classification of wastes and description of how these wastes are handled in individual facilities. The thesis is based on findings and technical materials obtained during visits to specialized workplaces at the Dukovany Nuclear Power Station and the University Hospital Brno, the Department of Nuclear Medicine.
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The Nuclear Power Plant – The Green Source of Energy
Hynčica, Martin ; Vágner, Jiří (referee) ; Vágner, Jiří (referee) ; Matal, Oldřich (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with nuclear energetics and its impact to the environment. Present state of the energetics, mainly nuclear energetics, in the Czech Republic is discussed here. Also perspective of nuclear energetics is given. The thesis describes nuclear power plant waste handling and also spent nuclear fuel handling. Nuclear power plant is compared with other sources of electric energy, which are counted to the energetic mix. The author focuses on fossil fuels and also on the renewable energy sources. The amount of produced waste to the unit of produced energy, built up area, safety and economic indicators and other parameters are followed for each source of energy.
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Ecological problems energetics CR
Šilar, Martin ; Bok, Jaromír (referee) ; Matoušek, Antonín (advisor)
This project presents the current status of power resources and supply in the Czech Republic and examines its different connections with ecology. The existing situation in energetics is described in the first chapter of the thesis. This chapter contains general information as well as an analysis of the progress to date related to the structure of installed power and to the amount of electricity generation and their consumption. The description of the common influence of energetics on the environment is provided in the following chapter, which also introduces the next step, namely a short survey of the characteristics of the currently used energy resources and their direct relationship to the monitored ecological problems. The practical part of the project is based on the calculation of emission in the fifteen biggest thermal power station in the Czech Republic. The calculated amounts of emission are compared with the related features of nuclear waste. The last chapter contains information about the EU legislation concerning the reduction of carbon dioxide. In this respect, there are presented also the measures planned to facilitate the reduction of carbon dioxide in Czech Republic.
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Ecological problems energetics CR
Mahdal, Vlastimil ; Ptáček, Michal (referee) ; Matoušek, Antonín (advisor)
This project presents the current state of power engineering, power resources in the Czech Republic and the impact of power resources on the environment. The first chapter describes the nature of the power engineering of the Czech Republic and the structure of primary energy sources, the next chapter present the current state of electricity, there is also described the structure of instaled capacity, consumption and production of electrical energy. The following section describes the impact of the power stations on the environment and their current status in the Czech Republic. The practical part provides information of calculating emissions using emission factors for power stations of company ČEZ, a.s. and about the storage of nuclear waste. The last chapter is dedicated to reducing carbon dioxide emissions in the European Union and describes measures in the Czech Republic for reducing these emissions.
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Czech Public Opinion on Nuclear Energy – Autumn 2022
Červenka, Jan ; Ďurďovič, Martin
In its Autumn 2022 survey, the Our Society series included a battery of questions on issues of nuclear energy. The survey examined public opinion about whether the proportion of nuclear energy in electricity production should increase or decrease in future, what people think about building a new unit of the Dukovany Nuclear Power Station (DNPS), whether or not they are concerned about the use of nuclear energy in the country, and whether they have confidence in the government’s decisions about the development of nuclear energy. A newly included question also asked whether citizens know how the Czech state manages nuclear waste.
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Nuclear fission reactions
Michal, Jakub ; Lachman, Jakub (referee) ; Sitek, Tomáš (advisor)
Understanding of physical principles of nuclear fission and nuclear reactions is crucial for operation of a nuclear power plant. Both, light nuclides, and heavy nuclides, are fissionable, but retrieve enough energy is possible only for the heavy ones such as uranium and plutonium. There are many possible ways how the nuclear fission of the same nuclide can take place, however the energetic balance remains almost the same. Another important factor is the yield of the different isotopes. After fission they are usually in an excited state and decay by one of the decay modes. The nuclear fuels are normally based on the fissile nuclides mainly of the uranium and minorly on the plutonium. Despite the plutonium is originally in the fuel, it is one of the main sources of the released energy from nuclear fission. Problems of nuclear fission are then connected with the nuclear waste and possible proliferation of nuclear weapons.
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Nuclear law in the Czech Republic
Krajíček, Tomáš ; Handrlica, Jakub (advisor) ; Petrmichl, Václav (referee)
Nuclear law in the Czech Republic Abstract Nuclear law can be defined as a set of legal rules designed to regulate legal or natural persons engaged in activities related to fissile materials, ionizing radiation, and radiation from natural sources of radiation, with the aim of ensuring the protection of persons, property, and the environment. The topic of the thesis Nuclear law in the Czech Republic is the legal regulation of peaceful use of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation in the context of Czech legislation within the framework of public law, including its links and connections to the legal regulation of this issue at the international (European, global) level. After a brief introduction of nuclear law and its basic terminology, the thesis presents in a comprehensive summary the legal regulation at the international, European and national level, together with the legal principles that are manifested within the legal norms of nuclear law. Within the framework of the Czech legal framework, the main focus is on Act No. 263/2016 Coll., the Atomic Act, and its relation to individual areas of nuclear law. In terms of institutional arrangements for the administration of the use of nuclear energy in the Czech Republic, the institutions with significant competencies within the framework of nuclear law are...
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